General Knowledge Refresher

General Knowledge Refresher

General Knowledge Refresher Published this article page no  09 Torture and ill treatment The prisoners including the undertrials are forced to do severe labour without any remuneration and treated with utmost torture. There has been a continuous rise in the custodial deaths due to torture and illtreatment. Women prisoners are more vulnerable to abuse. Important Reform Measures taken so far in India  The modern prison system was conceptualised by TB Macaulay in 1835.  Prison Act 1894 enacted to bring uniformity in the working of the prisoners in India. The Act provided for classification of prisoners.  All India Jails Manual Committee 195759 to prepare a model prison manual.  All India Committee on Jail Reforms 198083 under Justice A N Mulla suggested setting up of a National Prison Commission as a continuing body to bring about modernisation of prisons in India.  In 1987 the GoI appointed the Justice Krishna Iyer Committee to undertake a study on the situation of women prisoners in India. o It has recommended induction of more women in the police force in view of their special role in tackling women and child offenders. Severe staff crunch 33% of the aggregate prerequisite of jail authorities still lie vacant whereas the ratio between the prison staff and the prison population in India is approximately 17.  Inadequate prison infrastructure Most Indian prisons were built in the colonial era and are in constant need of repair and part of them are uninhabitable for long periods. o This results into violation of dignity and basic living conditions which go against UNs Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners which suggest of minimum floor space lighting heating and ventilation provision in the prisons.  Neglect of Health Hygiene food etc The prisoners in India suffer from severe unhygienic conditions lack of proper medical facilities and consistent risk of torment and misuse. The kitchens are congested and unhygienic and the diet has remained unchanged for years now General Knowledge Refresher buy. 

General Knowledge Refresher